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The Bengal Tiger, Panthera tigris tigris, is the largest member of the cat family, and the most numerous subspecies across the Asian continent. Appearing on flags, coats of arms, and as mascots for sporting teams around the globe, the Bengal Tiger is also the National Animal of both Bangladesh and India.

Over the past 100 years, the global population of Bengal Tigers in the wild has decreased across Asia, and is estimated to number fewer than 2,500 individuals. The key reasons for this population decline are poaching and hunting, along with the destruction of forests that make up the tigers habitat. This has led to it being classified as Endangered by the IUCN in 2010.

Tigers live alone and aggressively scent-mark large territories in order to keep their rivals away. They are powerful nocturnal hunters that can weigh up to 227 kg (500 lb), and travel great distances in order to find buffalo, deer, and other prey. A tigers most recognisable feature is a pattern of dark vertical stripes set against its yellow-orange fur. No two animals have the same pattern. Using this camouflage, a tiger will lie in wait and creep close enough to attack its prey with one fatal pounce. Despite this fearsome reputation, most tigers avoid humans.